一般来说,获取执行程序集的位置，您可以调用:

var executableDirectory = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;

如果发布为单个文件, 会提示如下警告

warning IL3000: 'System.Reflection.Assembly.Location' always returns an empty string for assemblies embedded in a single-file app. If the path to the app directory is needed, consider calling 'System.AppContext.BaseDirectory'.

需要改为 AppContextBaseDirectory获取当前目录

var executableDirectory = System.AppContext.BaseDirectory;

示例用法

例如，您可以使用此路径来设置当前目录：

var executableDirectory = AppContext.BaseDirectory;
Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(executableDirectory ?? throw new Exception("Could not find out executable directory"));

或者指示配置文件提供者而不改变当前目录：

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Configuration.SetBasePath(AppContext.BaseDirectory);
builder.Configuration.AddJsonFile("CustomConfig.json");

参考:

https://www.softwaredeveloper.blog/executing-assembly-location-in-a-single-file-app